Basic elements of agrotechnical cultivation and productivity of sesame (SESAMUM INDICUM L.) on light chestnut soil of Kalmykia

Abstract

Sesame is a relatively new crop in the Russian Federation, it began to be grown in the conditions of the Krasnodar, Stavropol territories, Astrakhan region only in the 2000s on small areas [1, 2, 5]. In the Republic of Kalmykia, agroecological aspects of sesame cultivation began to be studied for the first time in 2020 in the conditions of the UNPC “Agronomus” of KalmGU on a zonal light chestnut subtype of soil. The purpose of the field study was to study the agroecological features of sesame growing in the central zone of Kalmykia and to develop the basic elements of agricultural technology (sowing method, seeding rate, fertilizer doses, irrigation regime). It was found that in the field experiment of 2020-2021, with drip irrigation, it is possible to grow it successfully, and the largest yield of sesame seeds was obtained with wide-row sowing – 0,45 m. with a sowing rate of 450 thousand. / ha of plants and fertilization at a dose of N₉₀P₉₀, averaging 1,33 t /ha.