Peculiarities of cultivation of perennial and annual grasses in the conditions of the central zone of the Republic of Kalmykia

Abstract

Field wedge forage grasses play a major role in building and strengthening the forage base (along with natural hayfields and pastures). The development of field grass cultivation in previous years was hampered mainly by the lack of grass seeds. The turning point in strengthening the forage base was the appropriate decisions, according to these decisions, the areas of perennial and annual grasses left for seeds were brought to 645 thousand hectares, of which legumes accounted for 380 thousand hectares. Their increasing predominance is characteristic of the field-growing and organizational advantages that are characteristic of perennial grasses. Crop rotations of the grass-field farming system are based on perennial grasses. It is the perennial grasses that provide the highest degree of soil fertility growth. At the same time, replacing annual grasses with perennial grasses completely eliminates the special costs of cultivating fields for grasses and sowing them. One of the most important tasks is therefore the gradual strengthening of perennial herbs in the herbal wedge.