Peculiarities of grain and cereal crops production in adaptive crop production in Kalmykia

Abstract

The difficult soil and climatic conditions of the Republic of Kalmykia and the longterm large-scale use of agricultural land without taking into account important environmental factors caused a violation of the ecological and economic balance in the agriculture of the region. The main negative processes requiring systematic monitoring of lands are surface wind erosion, over-compaction and dehumidification of soils, secondary salinization, and degradation of natural forage lands. All these really present negative processes must be fully taken into account in adaptive landscape farming in Kalmykia. Global climate change also implies significant adjustments to the current farming system based on the principles of adaptive landscape environmental management. The conditions of low moisture availability of the territory and the lack of nutrients in the soil strongly require the use of energy- and moisture-saving, fertilizing technologies for cultivating basic crops.