The article discusses the features of the fodder base of the pastoral livestock industry of the republic. Extensive lands of natural pastures and traditional types of farm animals form the basis of traditional animal husbandry based on extensive, year-round grazing. There is a stabilization of the number of cattle and small cattle in the republic, but it is constant. During the year, grazing leads to negative consequences, such as the degradation of vegetation and soil, which is aggravated by the arid climate of the region.

The results obtained during an industrial inspection to establish the dependence of the productivity and physiological state of calves on feeding whole and crushed grain, which ensures the cultivation of healthy animals with high body resistance, confirmed the previously made conclusions about the possibility of effective use of whole and crushed corn grains in the diets of calves as part of compound feeds in a ratio of 70:30%. It was found that growing young animals on KR-2 compound feeds with the inclusion of whole and crushed grains in experimental compound feeds allowed for an average daily increase in live weight of calves at the level of 810-860 g. Calves that consumed whole grain corn in the amount of 30% of the weight of compound feed (group II) – 860 g, which is higher by 6.2% relative to the control group. The inclusion of crushed corn grains in the compound feed for calves of the III experimental group contributed to an increase in the average daily increase by 4.2%. It was determined that the introduction of whole grain corn in the amount of 30% by weight into the compound feed for calves aged 66-115 days contributed to an increase in its nutritional value by 5.2%, energy value by 5.6% to the control value, crushed – 3.5 and 2.9%. As a result of the research, it was determined that the blood saturation with the respiratory pigment hemoglobin in experimental young animals of groups II and III was higher than the control analogues by 5.7 and 4.6%, which indicates an increased metabolic rate. In the blood of animals of the II and III experimental groups, an increase in the total protein content was noted by 3.5 and 1.8%, relative to the control value.

This article presents the results of a study of broiler blood parameters using a new biologically active mineral-prebiotic supplement in their diets. A trial conducted on chickens during their intensive growth period demonstrated that feeding the studied liquid mineral-prebiotic supplement (Supplement-1) to the birds, when compared with data from an analog supplement (Supplement-2), contributed to improved blood morphology in the experimental broiler groups. Based on an analysis of laboratory blood tests, it was established that the studied natural mineral- prebiotic supplement possesses pronounced therapeutic and antiseptic properties, stimulating the development of more robust specific immunity to major infectious diseases in the birds. This positively impacted broiler growth and flock survival throughout the trial period.

The article presents the results of a study on the use of the mineral-vitamin supplement “Activmix” in fattening young Soviet Merino sheep at the Kirov Agricultural Production Cooperative, Priyutnensky District, Republic of Kalmykia. It has been established that the use of this supplement, designed to balance diets with trace elements and vitamins, contributes to increased resistance, livestock survival, and improved appetite. Thus, young Soviet Merino sheep outperformed the control group in live weight by 10.6% (4.4 kg), and also demonstrated better slaughter yield and livestock survival.

According to the data of the Ministry of Agriculture of Tuva, dated September 4, 2025, the champion of Naadym, farmer Aybek Mongush, harvested a record – 35 kg/ha of Sudanese grass in an experimental field in Piy-Khem. This is five times more than farmers usually harvest from natural hay fields in the republic, where the average yield is no more than 8 kg/ha. These seeds of Sudanese grass were obtained from Altai. The culture proved to be resistant to the arid climate of the region. It is also worth noting that modern agricultural technologies played an important role in the success of the experiment. The harvest of succulent fodder will strengthen the feed base of animal husbandry. The authorities and the Ministry of Agriculture of Tuva are considering the possibility of increasing the acreage for Sudanese grass next year.

Desertification processes and the accompanying environmental problems resulting from livestock grazing in the steppes of southern Russia pose a serious threat to the sustainable development of these territories. Intensive pasture use leads to soil depletion, reduced biodiversity, and, consequently, to the expansion of desertification-prone zones. 
Overgrazing, especially when done without observing regulations, disrupts the natural balance of the steppe ecosystem. Vegetation does not have time to recover, leading to soil erosion, reduced fertility, and deteriorating moisture supply. As a result, steppe landscapes gradually become desertified, unsuitable for agriculture. 
Furthermore, environmental problems associated with pastoral livestock farming include water pollution from animal waste, vegetation degradation due to trampling and grazing, and soil structure disruption. Addressing these issues requires a comprehensive approach, including the implementation of sustainable agricultural practices, pasture management, restoration of degraded lands, and improved environmental awareness among the population. 

Field wedge forage grasses play a major role in building and strengthening the forage base (along with natural hayfields and pastures). The development of field grass cultivation in previous years was hampered mainly by the lack of grass seeds. The turning point in strengthening the forage base was the appropriate decisions, according to these decisions, the areas of perennial and annual grasses left for seeds were brought to 645 thousand hectares, of which legumes accounted for 380 thousand hectares. Their increasing predominance is characteristic of the field-growing and organizational advantages that are characteristic of perennial grasses. Crop rotations of the grass-field farming system are based on perennial grasses. It is the perennial grasses that provide the highest degree of soil fertility growth. At the same time, replacing annual grasses with perennial grasses completely eliminates the special costs of cultivating fields for grasses and sowing them. One of the most important tasks is therefore the gradual strengthening of perennial herbs in the herbal wedge.