The article is devoted to the study of the effectiveness of the use of whole grain corn in feeding calves in order to determine the optimal norms for its inclusion in the diet. It was found that the inclusion of whole grain corn in the amount of 30% and 40% by weight of compound feed in the diet of young cattle at the age of 66-115 days had a positive effect on feed intake and intensity of animal growth, while reducing the feed costs and production prime costs. Thus, the daily live weight gain increased by 3.5% and 4.8% (774 and 784 g), while feed costs decreased by 1.1% and 1.8%, resulting in a 4.4% and 5.2% reduction in the prime cost of gain.

Scientific and economic experience was conducted to study the effectiveness of the use of nitrogen-containing additive Minogen as a source of protein in feeding young cattle. The experiment was carried out on two groups of Kalmyk bulls with 10 heads in each initial live weight of 310.6-313.2 kg for 90 days. The differences in feeding consisted in the fact that 60 g of nitrogen-containing feed additive Menogen was included in the grain forage of young animals of group II.

Studies have found that in terms of growth energy, the bulls of the experimental group were superior to the animals of the control group, had a higher growth rate. According to the average daily increase, the animals receiving the supplement had an advantage of 189 g during the entire fattening period. At the end of fattening, the difference in relative growth was 1.8% in favor of the animals of the experimental group. The carcass weight of the bulls of the experimental group was 4.1% higher than that of the control animals. Accordingly, the carcass yield was 53.8 and 53.1%. The profitability of beef production using the Menogen feed additive in the experimental group was 53.2% and was 9.4% higher than in the control group.

In solving the problem of increasing the breeding prospects of breeding herds of farm animals, the main role is assigned to objective selection, selection according to a set of characteristics, including biochemical indicators of blood. In particular, the peculiarity of blood proteins is manifested in their high lability, which is used by cells of tissues and organs. They perform protective, transport, regulatory and catalytic functions, which indicates that there is a full exchange of proteins between tissues in the body. The main catalyst for these processes are enzymes. The activity level of many blood enzymes is controlled by heredity, but at the same time, the action of the gene itself in most cases is carried out through the action of enzymes. Aspartate aminotransminase (AST) and alanine aminotransminase (ALT) are transamination enzymes that determine the direction and speed of protein metabolism. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is one of the catalysts in the regulation of mineral, protein metabolism between blood and tissues, including bone. A feature of the biochemical spectrum of the studied blood parameters of horses bred in breeding farms of Kalmykia was the unequal distribution in herds of animals with higher protein metabolism.

The study and use of immunogenetic indicators of the blood of animals is of great importance in the process of improving selection and breeding work. The allele pool of a population gives an idea of its genetic structure and subsequently allows targeted selection work with them. The allelic spectrum of the EAB locus is the most polymorphic and informative. Comparative analysis of the frequencies of occurrence of blood antigenic factors according to the EAB locus in the breeding farm named after. A. Chapchaeva over the past 13 years shows that there have been clear changes in the increase and decrease in the concentration of antigen frequencies. Of the 12 antigens tested, an increase in frequency of occurrence was observed in 50%. An analysis of the dynamics of the allele pool over time showed an increase in the total number of alleles involved in the formation of the EAB locus genotypes, in connection with which a decrease in the number of effective alleles is observed.

The territory of the Caspian steppes by its nature and landscapes is very unique, at the same time it is quite fragile in ecological terms. Currently, the non-complementary farming system that is still present leads to a violation of the dynamic balance of ecosystems, has a negative impact on the economy of the region and the welfare of society. One of the most serious environmental and economic problems in the republic is significant up to 80% desertification of the territory as a result of pasture digression, deflation and dehumification of the soil. As the practice of the last three decades has shown, an attempt to fully restore degraded agricultural lands has not yielded tangible positive results.

For ecosystem land use in agricultural production, constant monitoring of soil fertility is necessary, which makes it possible to identify the potential productivity of pastures, arable land, to scientifically substantiate the need for complex agro-reclamation measures, to develop technologies for creating agrocenoses with the predominant use of introduced arid plants and highly productive perennial and annual fodder crops.

The problems of creating highly productive pastures are inextricably linked with their melioration, both agrotechnical and meliorative. With such a formulation of the problem, a comprehensive improvement of land, soil and vegetation cover, an increase in its productivity and nutritional value is assumed. The experience of previous studies in this direction has shown that a grass mixture consisting of cultivated legumes and cereal components is less durable and less resistant to stressful situations than one consisting of desert natives. In our studies, various grass mixtures of perennial plants were used, most fully adapted to the soil and climatic features of the region under study and, in particular, to light chestnut and brown soils, as well as to brown non-saline soils of light mechanical composition [2,5,7]. Since the fundamental improvement of natural fodder lands imposes special requirements, first of all, on the quality of cultivation and the properties of the root-inhabited soil layer, it is necessary to assess its physical and water-physical properties under the influence of various methods and the depth of the main cultivation. Our research on this issue showed the following.

The article deals with the issue of applying various biotechnological methods adapted to the technological process in the production technology of raw smoked sausages. The influence of a biologically active additive on the technological properties of a semi-finished product and a finished product has been studied.

The quality of sausage products is important for the consumer, so manufacturers must constantly monitor all technological processes in production, as well as monitor the demand for products sold.