For the full disclosure of the genetic potential of beef productivity of cattle, itis necessary to study in detail all the main factors regulating the productive qualities of animals, one of which is energy consumption. Rationing of its consumption is the most important condition of nutrition, which determines the level of productivity of animals. The article presents research materials aimed at determining the productivity of 13-18-month-old cattle reared for meat at various levels of energy nutrition. It was found that feeding the bulls diets with an increased level of metabolic energy and a better indicator of protein cleavage allowed to obtain 1103-1100 g of bodyweight gain. The rearing of bulls on the studied diets had a positive effect on slaughter qualities and allowed to obtain a slaughter yield of 53.6-54.6 percent.

Due to the high cost of imported protein feeds, it is necessary to find their local analogues. One of the sources of protein can be oilseeds and products of their processing. The article presents research materials aimed at studying the effectiveness of feeding different doses of flax seed cake to young cattle. It was found that the use of compound feed in feeding young cattle with the inclusion of 20 and 25% by weight of flax seed cake with a complete replacement of sunflower meal makes it possible to increase the average daily growth of animals by 3.6 and 4.9%while reducing feed costs by 3.0% and the cost of the products obtained by 3.45 and 1.48%.

Protein-vitamin-mineral supplements, or BVMD for short, play an important role in feeding sheep. They balance diets based on vitamins, minerals, micro- and macro-elements. BVMD is used as an additive in concentrated feed. The additive is introduced into the feed in an amount of 10-20% of the total weight. The BVMD additive provides farm animals with the necessary nutrition elements, increases live weight gains, increases animal productivity, increases fertilization and safety of offspring, reduces feed costs for the production of a unit of production. The source of vitamins in BVMD are water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins. For example, B vitamins, vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E. The source of minerals in BVMD are: table salt, monocalcium phosphate, limestone and mineral mixtures that contain iron, selenium, zinc, cobalt, copper, iodine and others. They can also use fish, bone, meat and bone meal. BVMD should not be fed to animals in its pure form, as this can lead to poisoning. Therefore, BVMD is used with concentrates. The percentage of BVMD application in concentrates ranges from 10 to 20%. Thus, BVMD is necessary to replenish the feed with necessary substances that the animal’s body cannot synthesize on its own.

The success of breeding work is due to the influence of many factors, including the reliability of the origin of animals, verified by the methods of immunogenetic examination of the father-mother-offspring triads. The article presents the results of checking the origin of the breeding young animals of the Dagestan mountain breed of two populations of different farms in the conditions of the Buinaksk district of the Republic of Dagestan. It was found that the allele pool of the analyzed populations includes blood group antigens characteristic of Dagestan mountain sheep. The reliability of the origin of replacement young animals is confirmed at the level of98-98.5%. The frequency of occurrence of blood group antigens of populations is established, immunogenetic polymorphism of antigens is revealed.

Barley is the sixth crop in world agriculture in terms of the total area occupied. It is inferior to wheat, corn, rice, oats and rye. The importance of barley in the Russian Federation is related to the variety of its use. Barley is a concentrated feed of high value. According to the quality of pig products obtained by fattening with barley, it cannot be replaced by other types of grain.

Weather conditions in spring were generally favorable, so 30 mm of precipitation fell during the sowing – germination period, precipitation amounted to 52 mm during the interphase period of tubulation of plants, and 58 mm during the period of sweeping the panicle. Thus, the humidification conditions were very good, the temperature regime was within the normal range. During the spring and summer growing season, the total amount of precipitation(May-August) it averaged from 150 mm...174 mm, which, according to the humidification conditions, can also be considered relatively safe. According to the temperature regime, the summer was abnormally hot throughout the entire period of field experiments, the average daily temperature in June-July was 3-4⁰ above normal. Heavy precipitation was more frequent in May from 40mm...60mm, then in the summer months it was not enough. Such climatic conditions caused different plant needs for soil moisture, which affected the yield of the green mass of sorghum crops.

In Kalmykia, pasture management is the most rational, both economically and in terms of preserving the health and productivity of animals. At the same time, meteorological conditions can have a direct positive or negative impact on them, therefore, producers of livestock raw materials and products need to provide protection for highly productive animals from adverse meteorological conditions, especially in summer.

The end of the twentieth century was marked by a global ecological crisis in the biosphere. Along with industry and nuclear energy, the crisis in agriculture and the unprecedented aggravation of the relationship between nature and society contributed to the bowl of environmental problems. The result of modern farming systems was the destruction of natural ecosystems and the disappearance of many of them; the shortage of water resources in vast territories and its growth; a decrease in the gene pool (species diversity of flora and fauna); violation of the geochemical cycle of substances, water and radiation regimes in agroecosystems (NPP); soil degradation(erosion, salinization, waterlogging desiccation, depletion, over-compaction, desertification);accumulation in soil and water of a number of particularly persistent and dangerous pollutants of the natural environment; production of low-quality agricultural products, etc.[10].

Currently, the share of sown forage crops in the structure of the sown areas of the Republic of Kalmykia is only 14%…17%, which is insufficient. If the volumes of harvested feed in the republic are generally fulfilled, then the situation is far from good in terms of feed types and their quality. In this regard, it is necessary, first of all, to significantly expand the crops of sorghum crops. These crops differ favorably from others, primarily by their drought resistance, versatility in economic use, as well as good yield and low demands on soil fertility.