Beef cattle breeding is an important specialized branch of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation, which is of great importance in the country’s economy. For the implementation of the program for the development of large-horned local cattle breeding in the country, state support was allocated for the development of agriculture and the regulation of markets for agricultural products, raw materials and food. Last year, the increase in production of large cattle in slaughter weight reached 1.8 million. tons [1,3]. However, local cattle breeding is still at the stage of development. The total capacity of the meat market in Russia in 2022 decreased again and amounted to 10.6 mln. tons, which is 1.6 % below the level of 2021. At the same time, the rate of contraction of market capacity slowed down compared to previous years. At present, it remains difficult to increase the production of beef exclusively due to the intensive development of the productivity of beef cattle. While beef cattle breeding is a branch that requires less costs such as heat and electricity, labor force, equipment, compared to the dairy cattle breeding industry [6,12]. Another feature of this industry is that it allows to use natural lands to a large extent for keeping cattle on pasture. From this, it is possible to obtain a large yield of beef meat – an important source of protein of animal origin, which is in great demand among the population [5]. Specialized beef cattle breeding plays a significant role in beef production. Effective use of fodder resources is very important in current economic conditions. The state of health and productivity of animals largely depend on the quality of feed, its nutritional value, biological and energy value. In recent years, in the feeding of agricultural animals, much attention is paid to the use of environmentally safe, biologically active drugs and feed additives that have a positive effect on the productivity of animals [4].

   Despite the economic crisis, industrialization in the livestock industry is planned in the country, especially sheep breeding, where it is planned to increase the demand for products. The population stopped perceiving sheep as a low-quality and rare product of agricultural production [1.4]. Producers are increasingly trying to win their place on the meat shelf, increasing the assortment and expanding the sales channel. In recent years, there has been an active restructuring of many animal husbandry industries, which have undergone multiple transformations, the share of small and medium-sized farms has decreased, and they have not been able to compete with large companies. Sheep rearing systems play a crucial role in ensuring consistent productivity and profitability of meat sheep farming [2]. With increased productivity, metabolic processes in the body are activated, the release of mineral substances with products increases, and therefore increases animals' need for them. Lack or excess of certain mineral elements com, violation of their optimal ratio in diets leads to metabolic disturbances processes, reducing digestibility and use of nutrients, effective the use of feed and animal productivity, and in case of long-term and acute deficiency or excess – even to specific diseases [8]

   This article presents the results of studying the effect of balanced feeding on increasing the meat productivity of Kalmyk bull calves. The profitability of beef production and the maximum manifestation of the genetic potential of animal productivity depends on the proper feeding of animals.

   Beef cattle breeding is of great importance for the Republic of Kalmykia. The main branch of development is the breeding of the Kalmyk breed of cattle of meat productivity. The breed was created by nomadic pastoralists. This breed of cattle is unique in its distinctive qualities. It is able to survive in harsh climatic conditions and at the same time produce high-quality beef.

   A feature of modern world sheep breeding is that in recent years the economic weight of sheep compared to wool has grown significantly. Currently, in most countries of the world, the income from the production of sheep is more than 90%, and from the sale of wool – about 10 %. Therefore, at present, much attention is paid to the development of early-maturing meat and meat-wool sheep breeding in Russia [3]. According to Y.L. Glembotsky [2], A.A. Veniaminov [1], A.P. Semenov, O.I. Biryukov [6] and others. in the modern world sheep breeding, with a total decrease in the population (by 11.6 %) and a decrease in the total production of wool (by 30 %), the production of sheep increased by 32.1 %. The increase in sheep production is due to an increase in the specific weight of young sheep. In connection with this, the question of increasing the meat productivity and quality of the Kalmyk sheep breed on the basis of backcrossing with meat-wool thin-skinned breeds has become urgent. The production of sheep breeding can be successful in increasing the meat productivity of sheep by improving existing breeds, identifying new highly productive genotypes and widely using the most advanced technological maintenance and feeding of sheep. The technology of keeping sheep, which is based on a solid fodder base, knowledge of physiology, age characteristics of metabolism, to the greatest extent contributes to the realization of the hereditary potential of their productivity [5].

   Phytohormonal regulation with the help of BAV (bio-power and binorama) helps to increase the yield of winter wheat – up to 4.13 t/ha, reduces losses during harvest, reduces the amount of fungicides and herbicides used, increases the assimilatory surface of the leaves and increases the coefficient of utilization It is photosynthetically active radiation. when applying nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers in the dose of N60P40 and N90 P60, the coefficient of use of the incoming FAR increases by 1.0...1.2 and 1.2...1.4%, respectively, compared to the unfertilized variant [2]. The biological basis of the production management of the productive activity of cultivated crops are the natural processes of plant growth and development, which are regulated by substances produced by the plant itself (endogenous phytohormones). Most of the synthetic growth regulators are either physiological analogues of endogenous phytohormones, or act by changing the hormonal status of plants, which do not produce toxic effects in the concentrations used, and are not a source of nutrition [5].

   Soy is an essential component of the livestock feed base, reducing the deficiency of vegetable protein in the diets of animals and poultry, thereby increasing feed conversion and ensuring the effective development of livestock industries.

   The ecological links of desert and semi-desert territories are very fragile and therefore it is so important to expand the area of the forest fund, consolidate mobile sands, and create protective forest plantations on degraded pastures. All this will make it possible to produce competitive agricultural products based on natural forage lands, which means that issues of food and environmental safety will be resolved in a short time.

   Annually, the veterinary service of the Iki-Burulsky district draws up a plan of antiepizootic measures, which provides for diagnostic, therapeutic, preventive, and veterinary and sanitary measures based on the availability of available livestock. At the heart of its activities, the veterinary service of the district is guided by the current regulatory documents, primarily the Law of the Russian Federation dated 05/14/1993 N 4979-1 (ed. dated 12/25/2023) “On Veterinary Medicine”. This article analyzes the epizootic situation in the Iki-Burul district over the past 3 years.

   The article is devoted to the study of umbilical and scrotal hernias in piglets, identification of signs of hernias, causes of formation, diagnosis and treatment. Our own research was carried out on the territory of the farm “Aldar” of the Lagan district.

   The most important condition for increasing the production of fodder is to increase the yield of fodder crops, as well as the cultivation of such plants, which in specific soil and climatic conditions provide the highest yield of production from a unit of sown area. These requirements are fully met by fodder corn plants.

   The purpose of the research was to study the biological features of the Kuuziku root crop in the drought-resistant climate of the Republic of Kalmykia and to identify inter-row spaces that are suitable for production conditions.

   According to the results of the study, the planting scheme is proposed to be 60x50 cm. During the research, the planting date was established – the first decade of April in the arid zone.