Аs a basis for the preparation of compound feeds, pod-solar and soy meal are used, which contain a wide range of minerals, amino acids and proteins. however, they are imported from abroad, which significantly increases the cost of manufactured products and reduces the efficiency of the livestock industry. in this regard, it is necessary to look for alternative sources of protein among available local raw materials, in particular linseed cake. the article presents research materials aimed at studying the effect of different levels of oilseed flax cake on the physiological state of young cattle, digestibility and use of nutrients in diets. in the course of research, the optimal rate of input of oilseed flax cake with a complete replacement of salted meal in mixed feed for calves was established, which is 20% by weight, providing an increase in the digestibility of the dry matter of the rations by 1.7 pp., crude protein – by 0.5, fiber – by 4.3, fat – by 6.1 pp. improvement of nitrogen use – by 1.7 percentage points.

In the system of full-fledged animal feeding, the provision of feed with protein, which is necessary for the construction of cells and tissues, as well as for the nutrition of the body, is of paramount importance. In the diets of calves, as they grow, the formation of digestive organs and the changing ability to digest food, milk protein can be replaced with vegetable protein. One of such sources of protein and fat in animal nutrition is rapeseed grain and its processed products. The purpose of the research described in the article was to establish the effectiveness of feeding calves cake and rapeseed meal with a reduced amount of antinutrients. It was found that feeding KR-1 compound feeds with the inclusion of rapeseed cake and meal in an amount of 15% by weight allows to obtain average daily gains of calves at the level of 848-865 g at feed costs of 2.49-2.52 k units per 1 kg of increase. The cost of the daily diet of the bulls of the experimental groups turned out to be 8% lower compared to the control group. This is due to cheaper rapeseed feeds. As a result, the cost of growth for bulls receiving compound feeds with rapeseed cake and meal turned out to be 2-5% lower, and profit increased by 10% compared with the control.

Feeding organic zinc compounds to young cattle in the amount of 50%, 75% and 100% of the inorganic norm increases the content of LVH in the rumen by 2.3-3.7%, animal productivity by 1.4-4.2%, reduces feed costs by 1.07-3.05%.

The purpose of the research was a comparative assessment of the growth dynamics of Kalmyk bull calves from birth to 15 months of age in breeding farms of the Republic of Kalmykia. The phenotypic parameters of animals in 18 breeding farms of the republic engaged in breeding purebred Kalmyk cattle were evaluated. At the age of 15 months, Calmyk bulls had an average live weight of 380 kg, the highest value in the farm ―Erketeni‖, SEC ―Hoshud‖, SEC ―Khanata‖ (393 kg), the lowest – in SEC ―Pervomaisky‖ (337.3 kg) (P <0.05). The animals with the highest live weight correspond to the elite-record class. A comparative assessment of Kalmyk bull calves by live weight allows us to draw a general conclusion that bull calves grow and develop in accordance with general patterns.

The primary task of sheep farming is to increase the number of sheep in order to give the country more wool, meat, lard, sheepskins, leather, smoothies and milk while improving the quality of each of these types of products. Since wool is of paramount importance among the various types of sheep products, the main task of sheep farming is to increase the number of fine-wooled and semi-woolly sheep. Sheep farming is developing according to plan. This is one of its most important distinguishing features. The plan provides for three directions in sheep breeding: fine-wool, semi-coarse-wool and coarse-wool. At the same time, in various regions of the country, only those breeds that are most effective in each individual area are bred. Sheep farming was characterized by an extremely low level of its breed composition. The amount of fine and semi-coarse wool was only about 10% of the total collection.

The article presents the results of studies of the growth of Kalmyk bull calves depending on their body type. In each breed there are individuals with certain differences from the bulk of animals. These differences may affect morphological, physiological traits and performance indicators. This creates the opportunity for the formation of different types of animals within the breed.
Intrabreed types, which have biological and economic characteristics, allow breeders to quickly respond to the needs of market conditions by changing the direction in animal breeding.

Pre-sowing seed treatment allows you to activate the energy of growth, as well as develop a powerful root system of the plant. As a result, the productivity of agricultural crops and the quality of agricultural products increases. In addition, the depressing effect of pesticides on agricultural crops is reduced, the effects of drought stress factors, prolonged rains and other adverse factors for plants are neutralized. Processing on vegetating plants stimulates the growth and development of aboveground biomass and root system, activates metabolism and provides nutrition with necessary elements.

In the conditions of the Republic of Kalmykia, 10-12 types of pests have been identified among the most dangerous phytophages on sugar beet crops, crop losses from which average 15%, and the sugar content of the roots decreases by 1-3%. Therefore, it is necessary to timely identify the nature of damage, determine the species composition of the main pests of sugar beet, the period of harm and outline measures to combat them in the conditions of the central zone of the Republic of Kazakhstan, in particular the experimental field of Kalmyk State University.

Food by-products are important in supplying the population with meat, being an additional resource of protein nutrition, and occupy a significant place in the food balance. The chemical composition of by-products is insufficiently studied, although they are widely used both as natural products and as raw materials for the manufacture of various products. Each type of by-product has its own peculiarities of morphological and chemical composition. By-products of the same name differ little from each other in terms of chemical composition. In terms of the total content of protein substances, they are almost the same as meat, however, they differ significantly in terms of the quality of proteins. According to the quantitative content of high-quality proteins, the liver, tongue, heart, kidneys are in the first place, and the ears and trachea are in the last place.

Alfalfa known as one of the most valuable perennial herbs, is a key component in agronomic practice due to its high nutritional qualities and ability to improve soil structure. The article examines the influence of seed seeding and irrigation norms on alfalfa yields, which can significantly affect the growth and development of plants.

The volumes of harvested feed in the republic as a whole are being fulfilled. Currently, the share of sown forage crops in the structure of the sown areas of the Republic of Kalmykia is up to 17%, which does not fully satisfy the need for feed. In this regard, it is necessary to significantly expand the crops of drought-resistant forage crops. These crops in economic use differ favorably from others, primarily by their versatility, as well as low demands on soil fertility.

The yield of the forage crop varies significantly by cultivation zones, therefore, field studies were primarily aimed at identifying the reaction of the variety to mineral fertilizers and to soil and climatic conditions the Central zone. This allows us to identify the characteristics of the cultivated variety to specific soil and climatic conditions and mineral fertilizers, as well as to adapt the agrotechnology of crop reproduction in a certain area.